The generic name Lythrum is derived from the Greek 'lythron', meaning blood, in reference to the flower colour in some species. However, Pliny (A.D. 23–79) stated that Lythrum is named for Lysimachus, an army general and friend of Alexander the Great. Lysimachus is derived from the Greek lysis, meaning "loosing" and mache, meaning "strife".
Salicaria derives from the similarity of the leaves to those of willows or Salix species.
The English word loosestrife first appeared in written form in the 16th century. It was coined by English naturalist William Turnerin his 1548 work A New Herball, in which he states: "[The plant] may in englishe be called red loosestryfe or purple loosestryfe."[6]
Purple loosestrife was referred to several times as 'long purples' by John clare, such as in his 1821 poem The Wildflower Nosegay:[7]
"Where on the water op'd the lily buds
And fine long purples shadow'd in the lake..."
— Volume II of The Village Minstrel and Other Poems, John Clare.

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